The agriculture sectors are the most vulnerable to climate change and climate variability. Through the Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation plans (NAP-Ag) programme, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) are supporting eleven countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America to plan for adaptation in the agriculture sectors. This video shows what three of these countries, Uganda, Thailand and Colombia, are doing to tackle climate change and integrate agriculture in their planning and budgeting processes.

For an intelligent agricultural robot to reliably operate on a large-scale farm, it is crucial to accurately estimate its pose. In large outdoor environments, 3D LiDAR is a preferred sensor. Urban and agricultural scenarios are characteristically different, where the latter contains many poorly defined objects such as grass and trees with leaves that will generate noisy sensor signals. While state-of-the-art methods of state estimation using LiDAR, such as LiDAR odometry and mapping (LOAM), work well in urban scenarios, they will fail in the agricultural domain.

It is difficult to establish the precise mathematical model of agricultural wheeled robots with differential drive for path tracking control, due to characteristics of nonlinear, strong coupling and multivariable. Here, path tracking control is studied for agricultural wheeled robot with differential drive based on sliding mode variable structure. Firstly, the motion model of agricultural wheeled robots with differential drive is established and control goal is determined for path tracking. Then, sliding mode variable structure is applied to design the controller.

3D Move To See (3DMTS) is a mutli-perspective visual servoing method for unstructured and occluded environments, like that encountered in robotic crop harvesting. This paper presents a deep learning method, Deep-3DMTS for creating a single-perspective approach for 3DMTS through the use of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The novel method is developed and validated via simulation against the standard 3DMTS approach.

This paper proposes a bionic electric spraying rod to perform the crop watering and spraying in the farm. The design concept of multiple vertebrae structures of snake is used to realize a reproducible snake bone arm and muscles of snake, which can be regarded as multiple sets of thin wires and be pulled and released through driver module. It results in different attitudes of the snake bone arm. A water pipe is installed in the snake arm connected to the spray nozzle for spraying. The mobile application interface (APP) is designed to provide the user to control the arm remotely.

This paper documents wages and working conditions for landless female and male agricultural labourers in Morocco. We found that higher-paid equipment-intensive tasks were predominantly assigned to men whereas women often performed lower-paid, time-intensive tasks. Women were systematically paid less than men even when they performed the same tasks. Enforcing existing legislation in Morocco to ensure equal pay for women is an essential first step towards enabling women to benefit equitably with men from their agricultural labour contributions.

In theory, under the federal structure agricultural extension services can serve communities better as it aims to be client responsive and accountable to its consumers at the village level. However, poor understanding of federalism that has only recently emerged from the persisting centralized and feudal conceptions, limited practices of democratic norms and values primarily due to the lack of understanding of local governance, and limited commitment of political actors and policy makers to federalism, may derail the good intentions behind federalism.

The new Constitution of Nepal (2015) has initiated federal, provincial, and local governments in Nepal, each bestowed with respective rights, responsibilities, power and authority. While developing the new mechanism of governance, the Constitution has given immense authority as well as responsibility to local governments, which is unprecedented and has never been experienced before in the history of Nepal. Along with the restructuring of the state, the institutional mechanism of the agriculture sector has also been restructured.

Mounting evidence points to the fact that climate change is already affecting agriculture and food security, which will therefore make the challenge of ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture even more difficult (FAO 2016). Through Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13, the 2030 Agenda calls for strengthened resilience and adaptive capacity in response to natural hazards and climate-related disasters globally.