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Displaying 1 - 7 of 7 results.

Farm Diversity and Heterogeneous Impacts of System Technologies on Yield, Income and Poverty: The System of Rice Intensification in Timor Leste

Natural resource management practices, such as the System of Rice Intensification (SRI), have been proposed to tackle agricultural challenges such as decreasing productivity growth and environmental degradation. Yet, the benefits of system technologies for farmers are often debated. Impacts seem to be context-specific, which is especially relevant in the small farm sector with its large degree of agroecological and socioeconomic heterogeneity. This was not always considered in previous research.

Sujet(s): 
renforcement des capacités (RC)systèmes d'exploitation agricolesécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelleévaluation de l'impactsystèmes d'innovationdéveloppement rural...
Année de publication: 
2012
Auteur: 
Noltze M.Schwarze S.Qaim M.
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Understanding the adoption of systemic innovations in smallholder agriculture: the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Timor Leste

The latest turmoil of production and price volatility in the global food sector has put agriculture back to the top of the development agenda. Population growth, changing consumer preferences, bioenergy demand and climate change are some of the huge challenges for agricultural production today and in the future. In the last decades, productivity has been constantly improved through the introduction of improved crop varieties and the greater use of mechanization, irrigation, chemical fertilizer and pesticides.

Sujet(s): 
renforcement des capacités (RC)sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelleévaluation de l'impactsystèmes d'innovationagriculture durable...
Année de publication: 
2011
Auteur: 
Noltze M.Schwarze S.Qaim M.
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Facilitating Agricultural Innovation Systems: A critical realist approach

The turn of agrarian sciences and agricultural extension from reductionist and transfer of technology, respectively, towards systemic approaches has transformed agricultural/rural development thinking in the last decades. Nevertheless, the emergence of Agricultural Innovation Systems (AIS) has to confront a number of gaps among which the expert – lay knowledge gap is of major importance. This paper aims at exploring such a gap as well as obstacles to participatory development from a critical realist point of view.

Sujet(s): 
renforcement des capacités (RC)facilitationsystèmes d'innovationapprentissage
Année de publication: 
2012
Auteur: 
Koutsouris, A.
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Modern Supply Chains and Product Innovation: How Can Smallholder Farmers Benefit?

There is an emerging body of literature analysing how smallholder farmers in developing countries can benefit from modern supply chains. However, most of the available studies concentrate on export markets and fail to capture spillover effects that modern supply chains may have on local markets. Here, we analyse the case of sweet pepper in Thailand, which was initially introduced as a product innovation in modern supply chains, but which is now widely traded also in more traditional markets.

Sujet(s): 
évaluation de l'impactsystèmes d'innovationrecherchedéveloppement ruralchaînes de valeur...
Année de publication: 
2009
Auteur: 
Schippmann C.Qaim M.
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The Economic Impacts of Biotechnology-Based Technological Innovations

Global adoption of transgenic crops reached 67.7 million hectares in 2003 from 2.8 million in 1996. Delivery has occurred almost entirely through the private sector and adoption has been rapid in areas where the crops addressed serious production constraints and where farmers had access to the new technologies. Three countries (USA, Argentina and Canada), three crops (soybean, cotton and maize) and two traits (insect resistance and herbicide tolerance) account for the vast majority of global transgenic area.

Sujet(s): 
renforcement des capacités (RC)systèmes d'innovationrecherche et développement (R & D)agriculture durable
Année de publication: 
2004
Auteur: 
Traxler G.
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Africa's Unfinished Business: Building Sustainable Agricultural Research Systems

This paper addresses four questions: · What lessons can be drawn from the "rise and decline" of NARS in Africa? · What can African research managers learn from some of the successful reforms of NARS in Asia and Latin America over the past 10 to 15 years? · What are the major challenges facing the NARS in the ASARECA region in the coming 10-20 years? · What are the critical reforms and the incentives needed to develop pluralistic, accountable, productive and financially self-sustaining NARS in AFRICA?

Sujet(s): 
systèmes d'innovationrecherche et développement (R & D)développement ruralagriculture durable
Année de publication: 
2001
Auteur: 
Eicher C. K.
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Diffusion of Bt Cotton in India: Impact of Seed Prices and Technological Development

Recent studies in the literature examining impact of government seed price intervention on adoption of Bt cotton get different results depending on the specifics of the situation analyzed. According to one study, reduction in seed prices enables farmers to buy seeds at lower prices and this can result in surge of area sown under Bt cotton. The other view holds that seed price interventions have little impact on the adoption rates rather these interventions may adversely affect firms’ incentives to innovate. Which of the two views characterize adoption of Bt cotton in India?

Sujet(s): 
systèmes d'innovationrecherche et développement (R & D)développement ruralagriculture durable
Année de publication: 
2011
Auteur: 
Arora A.Bansal S.
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