This paper was synthesized from several scholarly literature and aimed at providing up-to-date information on climate change impacts, adaptation strategies, policies and institutional mechanisms that each agriculture subsector had put in place in dealing with climate change and its related issues in West Africa. For each subsector (crop, fishery and livestock), the current status, climate change impacts, mitigation and adaption strategies have been analyzed
Ethiopian agriculture is changing as new actors, relationships, and policies influence the ways in which small-scale, resource-poor farmers access and use information and knowledge in their agricultural production decisions. Although these changes suggest new opportunities for smallholders, too little is known about how changes will ultimately improve the wellbeing of smallholders in Ethiopia. The authors of this paper examine whether these changes are improving the ability of smallholders to innovate and thus improve their own welfare.
There is a considerable shortage of improved seed in Ethiopia. Despite good reasons to invest in this market, private sector investments are not occurring. Using an institutional economics theoretical framework, this chapter analyzes the formal Ethiopian seed system and identifies transaction costs to find potential starting points for institutional innovations.
This publication provides a collection of papers, commentaries, expert opinions and reflections on state-of-the-art innovation systems thinking and approaches in agriculture. It is the direct output of a CTA and WUR/CoS-SIS collaboration which had its genesis in an expert consultation on ‘Innovation Systems: Towards Effective Strategies in support of Smallholder Farmers’.
Les politiques d'innovation dans les filières agricoles en Côte d'Ivoire depuis 2011 reposent sur la création d'un dispositif de transferts technologiques qualifié de "Plateformes d'Innovation", pour introduire des plants de variétés et d'hybrides améliorés. Cet article s'intéresse particulièrement aux conséquences des "Plateformes d'Innovation Banane Plantain" (PIP) dans la réorientation des choix technologiques locaux. Il interroge leurs résultats sur l'amélioration de l'indépendance alimentaire.
La lutte contre la malnutrition constitue un enjeu majeur de développement, longtemps négligé. C’est pourquoi la France, aux côtés de nombreux autres bailleurs, a pris des engagements internationaux pour lutter contre la malnutrition. La sous-nutrition ne concerne pas seulement les situations d’urgence et la malnutrition relève d’un ensemble de facteurs multisectoriels, très liés à un territoire donné. Il paraissait donc nécessaire à l’Agence Française de Développement de bien ancrer la lutte contre la malnutrition dans la réalité opérationnelle.
La crise cacaoyère de la fin de la décennie 1970 a profondément bouleversé les stratégies de survie des producteurs. Elle s’est manifestée par la rareté des facteurs de production (la terre et le travail), la diminution de la production et du revenu, la transformation du milieu écologique et la baisse de la pluviométrie. Pour faire face à l’ensemble de ces contraintes, les producteurs ont adopté diverses stratégies dont l’objectif est soit de diversifier les sources de revenu, soit de réduire les charges familiales.
Since 1991, there have been significant changes in utilization of feed resources in the Ethiopian highlands: while use of communal grazing lands and private pastures has declined, use of crop residues and purchased feed has increased. In addition, although use of animal health services and adoption of improved livestock breeds and modern management practices have increased, ownership of various types of livestock has declined.
Agricultural innovation systems require strong linkage between research and extension organizations in particular, and among the various actors engaged in the agricultural sector in general. In the context of Ethiopia and the Amhara regional state, the agricultural research and extension system is characterized by a large number of actors in a fragmented and underdeveloped innovation system, resulting in very low national and regional innovation capacities. Farmers are generally viewed as passive recipients of technology.
In this study, it is applies a participatory scenario modelling framework to assess potential societal responses to the impacts of climate change by the mid-21st century, and model consequent land use and land cover change scenarios under different livelihood futures as guided by communities’ members in the areas under investigation. The authors focused their analysis on two montane sites of the Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot , the Taita Hills, Kenya, and a montane area north-west of Jimma, Ethiopia