Les conséquences sur les territoires des changements climatiques d’origine anthropique sont variables dans leurs expressions comme dans leurs effets, et les territoires sont inégaux face à ces variations climatiques en termes d’exposition aux effets (fonction de facteurs physiques, sociaux, économiques, culturels, politiques, etc.) comme en termes de capacité de réponse (capacité d’appréhension, d’anticipation, de réparation, etc.).
La sécurité alimentaire en Algérie semble plus que menacée par un niveau de croissance démographique incontrôlé, par la dégradation des conditions physiques du secteur de l’agriculture, par la baisse des ressources hydriques et par le retard de développement technique de l’activité. À partir d’une revue bibliographique sur la situation actuelle du secteur agricole, le texte définit ses niveaux de développement et les défis de l’avenir auxquels ce secteur sera confronté.
La sécheresse qui sévit dans le Sahel depuis les années 1970 a fortement réduit les productions dans les principaux secteurs d’activités que sont la pêche, l’élevage et l’agriculture. Dans le Delta Intérieur du Niger au Mali (DIN), la pêche dont le développement est intimement lié aux fluctuations inter-saisonnières et interannuelles de la crue du fleuve Niger, est en crise. Les prises ont diminué de moitié, beaucoup de pêcheurs sont partis, certains ont adopté des pratiques non durables et les règles sociales subissent d’importantes modifications.
This paper looks at two aspects of institutional development in a university setting. It looks at how the design of South – North collaboration may have a bearing on the type of partnership that evolves. And it addresses the issue of how institutional commitment influences the depth and intensity of change processes.
There is renewed attention on the importance of advisory services and extension in rural development processes. This paper, based on the publication ‘Mobilizing the potential of rural and agricultural extension', focuses on five opportunities to mobilise the potential of extension and advisory services. The five areas are: (1) focusing on best-fit approaches; (2) embracing pluralism; (3) using participatory approaches; (4) developing capacity; and (5) ensuring long-term institutional support.
This sourcebook contributes to identifying, designing, and implementing the investments, approaches, and complementary interventions that appear most likely to strengthen Agricultural innovation systems (AIS) and to promote agricultural innovation and equitable growth. It emphasizes the lessons learned, benefits and impacts, implementation issues, and prospects for replicating or expanding successful practices. The information in this sourcebook derives from approaches that have been tested at different scales in different contexts.
This policy brief deals with the following points: (i) Given the importance of agriculture and the rural medium for countries’ growth and development, policy makers must strengthen the institutional structure of rural extension and increase public and private investment; (ii) Abundant natural resources, knowledge, technology, and extensionists are not enough.
This paper reviews the current policies and programmes of EIARD members in relation to capacity development and makes recommendations on future directions. The main issues and recommendations will be incorporated into a policy brief in which specific policy options or guidelines will be presented. The goal of EIARDs strategy is to reduce poverty (i.e. MDGs); to promote economic growth, food security, and sustainable management of natural resources in developing & emerging economy countries and to contribute to global development issues and knowledge generation.
The paper uses a stochastic frontier analysis of production functions to estimate the level of technical efficiency in agriculture for a panel of 29 developing countries in Africa and Asia between 1994 and 2000. In addition, the paper examines how different components of an agricultural innovation system interact to determine the estimated technical inefficiencies.The paper has been presented at the Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Birmingham, AL, February 4-7, 2012.
Agriculture is central to Ethiopian economy but its sustainable development faces enormous challenges. Low innovation capacity, low productivity, dwindling natural resources and climate change, small-scale subsistence farming, and low levels of market integration and value addition have all made agricultural development more complex. In spite of the decades of research and development efforts, the rate of growth for both crop and livestock productivity has remained low.